Tuesday, August 21, 2012

Women-acolypse

This image is of Boushra Almutawakel's powerful work titled "Disappearing"
As of late, the phrase "A War against Women" has been thrown around quite liberally in American politics, often posed as a series of battles between the American Democratic and Republican parties, and while I think there is much validity in the need to still fight for women's rights in America today, we should also keep in mind that America is just one battle ground, and this is really a world war which has been going on for centuries... A women-acolypse you could even say!  http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/9487761/Anger-as-Iran-bans-women-from-universities.html

This article reviews the move in Iran to ban women from many university courses, preventing women from getting degrees in a variety of professional fields, among which archaeology is included. As of today, women can't even vote in Saudi Arabia. Downton Abbey enthusiasts will also recognize that women did not have the right to inherit and distribute property in England until the 1920s. 

While the Middle East has been a hot bed for political discussion of women's rights, historically, Egyptians were some of the most liberal countries in terms of women's rights. Herodotus even mocked Egypt for being a backwards country because women engaged in public economic exchange. 

So what I wonder is when did a misogynistic attitude towards women really begin, and why has such an attitude towards half of the population succeeded to such an extent, that the majority of countries today still deal with issues surrounding women's oppression?  Move your emotions surrounding the issues aside for one moment, and consider what evolutionary advantage the subjugation of women had to make it so successful? This is my thought of the day. Two-cents are encouraged.

Thursday, August 16, 2012

Pyramids in space? Why archaeologists dismiss avid google earthers.


Recently, the internet exploded with interest in one woman's claim to have identified two possible pyramid complexes in Egypt, previously completely unknown by archaeologists, by simply using Google Earth (her official post is here). The images posted in this article, such as the one above, certainly demonstrate some kind of mound, but most of the discussion by academics on the issue has been a reactive effort to deny the potential of these claims, and there very viability based on the amateur status of Angela Micol. I think it's pretty plain to say that, in reality, an amateur is never going to be as knowledgeable as an expert. Additionally, everyone will agree that any actual study involving space imaging is just not viable without some more grounding, quite literally, through verification in person.  So while many have put their two-cents in on why this is "bogus," in reality it's a moot point until someone has looked into the claims in person. So if there is really no debate over the fact that this is just preliminary information Angela Micol is putting out there, why do scholars suddenly get frustrated, angry, and down-right rude (such as in some of the comments seen here) when reports come out that someone has found Google Earth images of pyramids?

Well, from my perspective, there are a few reasons. First, news agencies reporting online seem very rarely to get their facts straight before publication. Though Angela Micol doesn't claim to have any degree in archaeology, doesn't have any professional accreditation as an archaeologist, and doesn't make a living off of archaeological research, many publications still refer to her as one.  That feels insulting when you've spent years of your life in school and in tents, working towards your profession. If I were to come out with research saying that Cheetos will cause you to give birth to bright orange babies, news agencies wouldn't suddenly call me a "doctor" to help the story sell. So it feels like our profession is being degraded when someone without a background is suddenly deemed an archaeologist because she has an interest in old dusty pyramids. This is exacerbated by the fact that she's doing her research from the comfort of her computer  chair. As a profession, we still cringe at the idea of "armchair archaeology" because this was a serious problem in the past, and we certainly do not want to see people reverting to a time when it was OK to call yourself an archaeologist, even if you've never touched a trowel. This too degrades our profession, and the point of our research abroad. Yet this idea has also gotten its fair share of press, such as in the following post from Business Insider: Become an Armchair Archaeologist -- Literally.

The problem with this negative scholarly reaction, is we often forget to enjoy the fact that people who make no money and have no investment in ancient Egypt are still spending hours of their lives trying to study it. We forget that our field does have relevancy beyond the few hundred professionals scattered across the nation or even globe of your chosen niche. We push away and repel people who really do want to help our community,  by saying "leave it to the professionals" instead of embracing their good intentions and putting them towards more inclusive research.  We are so caught up in a culture filled with jargon, exclusion, and hierarchy, that we lose sight of the fact that we need amateur interest to survive in the real world, to keep ourselves relevant, and to just feel like contributors to a  broader society than our own academic microcosm. So instead of jumping to criticize and deny attempts at research by amateurs, the field should move toward building ways to use this positive energy towards investment in our future as a discipline. 

Friday, August 10, 2012

Missing: 16 right hands. If found, please report to...


This moment has been a long time coming! Archaeologists have finally found a cache of SEVERED HANDS!
This isn't the skeletal remnants of Thing, though the resemblance is startling....

http://www.livescience.com/22267-severed-hands-ancient-egypt-palace.html















Rather, this gruesome practice has been known about for sometime through temple depictions whereby the right hands of enemies were lopped off, piled together, counted, and then presented before the king. It was much more efficient to transport some hands than a bunch of bodies, and I'm sure much more sanitary... though piles of dead hands still have their own problems. In some depictions, penises were severed instead, which would be a bit harder to find archaeologically, but can you imagine trying to tell your supervisor that?! Congratulations to Professor Bietak and the excavators at Avaris!


Tuesday, August 7, 2012

The "Frankenstein" Bodies

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120706-bog-mummies-body-parts-frankenstein-ancient-science/


The above person is constituted of skeletal elements from SEVERAL different individuals, rearticulated! According to the article, the individuals were placed in a bog after death and then removed before the acids of the bog could break down calcium in the bone. So that gets us to the big question: Why go to such elaborate measures to articulate PARTS of different individuals together?

The article mentions a couple of theories. A practical approach: perhaps bodies were incomplete and needed additional parts. I can imagine fishing a rotting corpse out of a bog might not be as easy as it sounds, so logically some parts of the body may become disarticulated and lost.

An alternative suggestion proposes meaningful combination of individuals with different ancestries in order to create a mega-ancestor. This reminds me of Power Rangers megazord. A composite giant robot, which was inevitably required in each episode when the villain eventually becomes enormous (why both the villain and power rangers never just went "big" at the beginning of a battle is beyond me, but I digress). It makes sense that this would add meaning, but it may also be difficult to even determine who's who by the time bodies were recovered.

If we look at Egyptian mummies with missing limbs, "prostheses" are often added in a similar manner, though not usually from the body parts of other individuals. In my opinion, many of the prosthetics which take the form of a stick, some rocks, or mudplaster are an easy fix for the embalmers who made some hilarious mistakes during the embalming process which unfortunately are preserved to this day (for example: http://www.bikyamasr.com/44849/ancient-egypt-heads-to-brisbane/). However, other prosthetics like toes (http://www.livescience.com/4555-world-prosthetic-egyptian-mummy-fake-toe.html) show the Egyptians too desired to have a complete body for the afterlife. So Egyptian data would favor the former proposition, though we will have to wait and see what new data emerges from this fascinating case of a Frankenstein burial! Regardless, these are some pretty crazy burial traditions!